猪季节性高低温的分子适应性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探讨环境温度变化对猪能量代谢的影响，为阐明猪适应性进化的分子调控机制奠定理论基础。选取6月龄荣昌猪为研究对象，分别在季节性高温和低温时期，采集12头猪的大脑、心、肝、肺、肾、眼肌和腰肌，检测其mtDNA拷贝数及能量代谢相关基因表达水平。结果表明：猪体重增长率与环境温度呈现极显著相关性（|r|≥0.77，P<0.01）；不同组织mtDNA拷贝数在低温组和高温组之间表达模式高度一致（r=0.92，P<0.01）；与低温组相比，高温组除了心，其它组织的mtDNA拷贝数均显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）降低，同时各组织中调控mtDNA生物合成的TWINKLE基因表达水平也显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）降低；能量代谢相关基因（ND1、COX1、ATP6和CYTB）在组织中的表达水平基本上均是低温组显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）高于高温组，而眼肌中ND1和COX1基因，肝和心中CYTB基因在低、高温组间无显著差异（P>0.05），大脑中CYTB基因在高温组显著高于低温组（P<0.05）；除了肺组织（P<0.01），其余组织中HSP70基因表达水平在低、高温组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上表明，猪可通过调节基因转录水平及线粒体DNA拷贝数来重塑代谢，进而适应环境温度的变化。

Abstract:

This study has investigated the effect of ambient temperature on pig energy metabolism, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation of molecular regulation mechanism for pig adaptive evolution. The brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, eye muscle and psoas major muscle of 12 Rongchang pigs (6-month-old) were collected during the seasonal high and low temperature period,respectively, the mtDNA copy number and the transcriptional levels of energy metabolism-related genes were tested. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between body weight growth rate and ambient temperature (|r| ≥ 0.77, P<0.01), the mtDNA copy number in different tissues were highly consistent between low and high temperature groups (r=0.92, P<0.01); The mtDNA copy number was significantly higher in low temperature group than in high temperature group (P<0.05 or P<0.01) of all tissues, except for the heart (P>0.05), and the transcriptional level of TWINKLE gene regulating mtDNA biosynthesis significantly decreased in different tissues in the high temperature group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); The transcriptional level of genes (ND1, COX1, ATP6 and CYTB) related to energy metabolism in low temperature group basically were significantly (P<0.05) or very significantly (P<0.01) higher than that in high temperature group. However, the transcriptional levels of ND1 and COX1 genes in eye muscle, CYTB gene in liver and heart were no significantly different between low and high temperature groups (P>0.05), and the transcriptional level of CYTB gene in brain in high temperature group was significantly higher than in low temperature group (P<0.05). Furthermore, except for the lung tissue (P<0.01), the transcriptional level of HSP70 gene in other tissues had no significant difference between low and high temperature groups (P>0.05). These results suggest that pig could reshape the metabolism through regulating the gene transcription level and mtDNA copy number, and adapt to ambient temperature change.

中图分类号:

S828.2

章杰, 何航, 刘安芳, 罗宗刚, 陈磊. 猪季节性高低温的分子适应性研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(4): 693-700.

ZHANG Jie, HE Hang, LIU An-fang, LUO Zong-gang, CHEN Lei. Molecular Adaptability of Seasonal High-Low Temperature in Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(4): 693-700.

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